Sometimes the tonsils and adenoids become so enlarged that they partially block or obstruct the throat and breathing passage. This can cause nighttime breathing problems such as snoring, difficulty breathing, and prolong lapses or hesitation in breathing. Other signs include restless sleep, nighttime awakening, arousal from deep sleep, and bedwetting. In extreme cases, these problems may contribute to poor concentration, daytime fatigue, overactivity, and slow growth and development.^1,2

Another problem that can occur with tonsils and adenoids is infection. Because tonsils and adenoids are exposed to germs, they can become infected by bacteria such as streptococcus. When they become infected, the tonsils get swollen, red, and painful. This is called acute tonsillitis. When caused by the germ streptococcus, it is called strep tonsillitis. Usually, these infections can be treated with antibiotics, but when the infection is chronic or recurrent, a doctor may recommend surgical removal of the tonsils, adenoids, or both.